
Vegetables
Vegetables from sowing to harvest.
A vegetable catalogue with sowing and spacing, tested companions and, further down, a planting plan that lays out your vegetables 3 to 5 years ahead.
Vegetables
All vegetables.
Every species has its own page: sowing, spacing, plants per square metre and harvest time.
TomatoSolanum lycopersicumsow indoors · February–Marchspacing 60 cm · 2.5 per m²
CarrotDaucus carota subsp. sativusdirect sowing · March–Julyspacing 9 cm · 120 per m²
CucumberCucumis sativusdirect sowing · May–Junespacing 40 cm · 6 per m²
PotatoSolanum tuberosumtuber / set · March–Mayspacing 35 cm · 8 per m²
LettuceLactuca sativadirect sowing · March–Augustspacing 30 cm · 12 per m²
OnionAllium cepabulb · March–April, October–Novemberspacing 10 cm · 100 per m²
Zucchini, pumpkinCucurbita peposow indoors · April–Mayspacing 100 cm · 0.8 per m²
Common beanPhaseolus vulgarisdirect sowing · May–Junespacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
PepperCapsicum annuumsow indoors · February–Aprilspacing 40 cm · 6 per m²
PeaPisum sativumdirect sowing · March–Junespacing 10 cm · 100 per m²
RadishRaphanus sativusdirect sowing · April–Augustspacing 10 cm · 100 per m²
GarlicAllium sativumbulb · October–Decemberspacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatasow indoors · February–Aprilspacing 40 cm · 6 per m²
BeetrootBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Conditiva Group)direct sowing · March–Julyspacing 10 cm · 100 per m²
KohlrabiBrassica oleracea var. gongylodesdirect sowing · March–Julyspacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
Winter squashCucurbita maximadirect sowing · May–Junespacing 90 cm · 1 per m²
LeekAllium ampeloprasum (Porrum Group)sow indoors · Februaryspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
EggplantSolanum melongenatransplant outdoors · May–Junespacing 60 cm · 3 per m²
KaleBrassica oleracea var. sabellicasow indoors · Marchspacing 45 cm · 5 per m²
Runner beanPhaseolus coccineusdirect sowing · May–Junespacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
CeleriacApium graveolens var. rapaceumsow indoors · Marchspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
Broad beanVicia fabadirect sowing · March–Mayspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
SpinachSpinacia oleraceadirect sowing · March–May, August–Septemberspacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
ChardBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Cicla Group)direct sowing · April–Julyspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
Sweet cornZea mays var. saccharatatransplant outdoors · May–Junespacing 40 cm · 6 per m²
BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicasow indoors · February–Junespacing 60 cm · 3 per m²
Garden rocketEruca vesicariadirect sowing · April–Septemberspacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
MelonCucumis melosow indoors · April–Mayspacing 100 cm · 1 per m²
AsparagusAsparagus officinalisbare-root · March–Aprilspacing 45 cm · 5 per m²
Belgian endive (witloof)Cichorium intybus (Witloof Group)direct sowing · May–Junespacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
Broccoli rabe (rapini)Brassica rapa (Ruvo Group)direct sowing · April–Augustspacing 15 cm · 44 per m²
Brussels sproutsBrassica oleracea var. gemmiferasow indoors · February–Aprilspacing 60 cm · 3 per m²
Butternut squashCucurbita moschatasow indoors · Aprilspacing 100 cm · 1 per m²
CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytissow indoors · March–Aprilspacing 50 cm · 4 per m²
CeleryApium graveolens var. dulcesow indoors · March–Aprilspacing 25 cm · 16 per m²
Corn saladValerianella locustadirect sowing · March–April, Septemberspacing 10 cm · 100 per m²
EndiveCichorium endiviadirect sowing · May–Augustspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
Florence fennelFoeniculum vulgare var. azoricumdirect sowing · June–Julyspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
Garden cressLepidium sativumsow indoors · January–Decemberspacing 5 cm · 400 per m²
Globe artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymussow indoors · February–Aprilspacing 100 cm · 1 per m²
Hamburg parsleyPetroselinum crispum var. tuberosumdirect sowing · March–Aprilspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
HorseradishArmoracia rusticanaroot-balled · March–Augustspacing 60 cm · 3 per m²
Napa cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensisdirect sowing · March–Augustspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
Pak choiBrassica rapa (Chinensis Group)sow indoors · March–Mayspacing 25 cm · 16 per m²
ParsnipPastinaca sativadirect sowing · March–Mayspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
RadicchioCichorium intybus (Radicchio Group)sow indoors · April–Mayspacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
RhubarbRheum rhabarbarumbare-root · November–Marchspacing 90 cm · 1 per m²
RutabagaBrassica napus var. napobrassicadirect sowing · May–Junespacing 25 cm · 16 per m²
Sweet potatoIpomoea batatastransplant outdoors · May–Junespacing 30 cm · 11 per m²
TurnipBrassica rapa subsp. rapadirect sowing · March–Augustspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²
WatermelonCitrullus lanatussow indoors · Aprilspacing 90 cm · 1 per m²
Welsh onionAllium fistulosumdirect sowing · March–Augustspacing 20 cm · 25 per m²Companions
Good and bad neighbours.
Which crops help each other in the bed and which are better kept apart. The reason is on each plant’s page.


Common bean
Phaseolus vulgarisGood together

Pea
Pisum sativumGood together
Better apart

Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicaBetter apart

Kohlrabi
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodesBetter apart

Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitataBetter apart
Show more species (30)

Napa cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensisGood together

Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytisBetter apart

Kale
Brassica oleracea var. sabellicaBetter apart

Brussels sprouts
Brassica oleracea var. gemmiferaBetter apart

Chard
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Cicla Group)
Radish
Raphanus sativus
Lettuce
Lactuca sativaGood together
Better apart

Spinach
Spinacia oleraceaBetter apart

Zucchini, pumpkin
Cucurbita pepoGood together
Better apart

Sweet corn
Zea mays var. saccharataGood together
Better apart

Melon
Cucumis meloGood together

Pepper
Capsicum annuum
Tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
Winter squash
Cucurbita maximaGood together
Better apart

Cucumber
Cucumis sativusGood together
Better apart

Garlic
Allium sativumBetter apart

Onion
Allium cepaBetter apart

Welsh onion
Allium fistulosumBetter apart

Florence fennel
Foeniculum vulgare var. azoricumBetter apart

Turnip
Brassica rapa subsp. rapa
Carrot
Daucus carota subsp. sativusBetter apart

Parsnip
Pastinaca sativaGood together

Hamburg parsley
Petroselinum crispum var. tuberosum
Leek
Allium ampeloprasum (Porrum Group)Better apart

Beetroot
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Conditiva Group)Better apart

Celeriac
Apium graveolens var. rapaceum
Celery
Apium graveolens var. dulceGood together

Potato
Solanum tuberosumGood together

Horseradish
Armoracia rusticanaGood together

Asparagus
Asparagus officinalisGood together
Ready-made bed combinations
Vegetable basics
Lettuce, chard, pepper and kohlrabi — a simple vegetable bed for the whole summer.
Tomatoes with companions
Tomatoes with basil, marigold and lettuce — neighbours that help each other.
Leafy greens
Lettuce, chard, spinach and endive — green leaves for quick harvests, even in part shade.
Why rotate
The same family never two years running.
Plants of one family share diseases and pests and take the same things from the soil. That is why they come back to the same spot only after a few years.
Groups by feeding needs
Heavy feeders go to the manured spot, followed by medium feeders, then light feeders and finally legumes, which add nitrogen to the soil.
A family stays together
Crops of one family move together, so they return to the same spot only after a full cycle.
Potatoes and tomatoes
Potatoes are a separate group in the planting plan, but they belong to one family with tomatoes and peppers (nightshades). Never one right after the other in one bed.
⛓ nightshades













