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Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Herb · Lamiaceae family

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

Full sun 1 ft 7⅝ in–4 ft 11 in × 1 ft 3¾ in–3 ft 11¼ in Flowers April–June Harvest May–August to −54 °F
Flower colors Click a color

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size1 ft 7⅝ in–4 ft 11 in
spacing 19¾ in
FlowersApril–June
PlantingApril–May
PruningJune–July
WinterShelter from wind

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in dry to average soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
dry to averagesandyloamygravelly

Watering

Rosemary — Watering
drought tolerant once establishedonly in dry spellsless when it rains

Frost

−54 °F
shelter from windgreen in winter too

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

19¾ in3 ft 3⅜ in4 ft 11 in1 ft 7⅝ in–4 ft 11 inspread 1 ft 3¾ in–3 ft 11¼ in
1 ft 7⅝ in–4 ft 11 in× spread 1 ft 3¾ in–3 ft 11¼ in

Plant 19¾ in apart.

How to plant: singly, 17¾ in apart

Reaches maturity in about 5–10 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberPruning: JanuaryPruning: FebruaryPruning: MarchPruning: AprilPruning: MayPruning: JunePruning: JulyPruning: AugustPruning: SeptemberPruning: OctoberPruning: NovemberPruning: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersPlantingFeedingPruningHarvest
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in April.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

April–June · blue

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: April–May

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Pruning

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

prune after flowering (June–July)

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–August

Feeding

Nutrition.

Rosemary — Feeding
No feeding in beds

in pots once in late spring · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pruning

When and how to prune.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons).

Rosemary — Prune after flowering

Prune after flowering

JunJul
How to prunePrune lightly: this year’s shoots every year after the flowers fade, to keep rosemary dense and stop it going bare at the base. Note: do not cut into old wood, rosemary rarely recovers from heavy pruning.

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

What you will see

Shiny purple-green beetles (¼–¼ in) and larvae eat leaves and flowers; leaves are reduced to short stumps.

When to look

From late summer to spring

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Healthy plants usually tolerate it, so the beetle can be tolerated; encourage birds, frogs and ground beetles.
  2. By hand fall to springPick off beetles and larvae by hand or shake them onto newspaper.
Rosemary beetlepest · from late summer to spring

What you will see

Shiny purple-green beetles (¼–¼ in) and larvae eat leaves and flowers; leaves are reduced to short stumps.

When to look

From late summer to spring

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Healthy plants usually tolerate it, so the beetle can be tolerated; encourage birds, frogs and ground beetles.
  2. By hand fall to springPick off beetles and larvae by hand or shake them onto newspaper.
More about this problem

What you will see

Coarse pale speckling on the upper leaf surfaces; leafhoppers on the undersides.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed.
  2. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).
Sage and Ligurian leafhopperspest · April–September

What you will see

Coarse pale speckling on the upper leaf surfaces; leafhoppers on the undersides.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed.
  2. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).
More about this problem

What you will see

White frothy clusters on stems, with a small pale nymph inside.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Apart from the froth it does little harm and is part of biodiversity.
  2. By handThe froth can be rinsed off; action is usually not needed.
Cuckoo spit (froghopper nymphs)pest · May–July

What you will see

White frothy clusters on stems, with a small pale nymph inside.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Apart from the froth it does little harm and is part of biodiversity.
  2. By handThe froth can be rinsed off; action is usually not needed.
More about this problem

What you will see

Waxy scales on stems and leaves, sooty mold on honeydew.

When to look

All year

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Healthy plants tolerate low numbers of scale insects.
  2. By handRemove adult scale insects and egg masses when visible.
  3. BiologicalSteinernema feltiae nematode against soft scales (use with care, it may also affect other animals); encourage ladybirds and parasitic wasps.
Scale insectspest · all year

What you will see

Waxy scales on stems and leaves, sooty mold on honeydew.

When to look

All year

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Healthy plants tolerate low numbers of scale insects.
  2. By handRemove adult scale insects and egg masses when visible.
  3. BiologicalSteinernema feltiae nematode against soft scales (use with care, it may also affect other animals); encourage ladybirds and parasitic wasps.
More about this problem

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in fall; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand fallPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
Powdery mildewsdisease · from spring onwards

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in fall; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand fallPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
More about this problem
Sources (8)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does rosemary flower?

In April–June; the flowers are blue.

When is rosemary harvested?

In May–August.

Does rosemary tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does rosemary need?

At maturity 1 ft 3¾ in–3 ft 11¼ in wide and 1 ft 7⅝ in–4 ft 11 in tall; recommended spacing 19¾ in.

Rosemary beetle — what can you do?

Healthy plants usually tolerate it, so the beetle can be tolerated; encourage birds, frogs and ground beetles. Pick off beetles and larvae by hand or shake them onto newspaper.

Sage and Ligurian leafhoppers — what can you do?

Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed. Encourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).

Sources (8) Checked 24 October 2026

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