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Raised garden bed I – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed IRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed L – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed LRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed U – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed URaised garden bedsBed I with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed I with benchRaised garden bedsBed L with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed L with benchRaised garden bedsSolid bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchSolid benchSeatingPedestal bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchPedestal benchSeatingBench with planter – solid 2⅜ in European larchBench with planterSeatingGarden table – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden tableSeatingTable and two benches – solid 2⅜ in European larchTable and two benchesSeatingSandbox with seating – solid 2⅜ in European larchSandbox with seatingFor kidsGarden steps – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden stepsSlope & terrace

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Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Herb · Lamiaceae family

Lemon balm

Melissa officinalis

Full sun to part shade 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in × 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in Flowers June–September Harvest March–November to −99 °F
Flower colors Click a color

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
Size1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in
spacing 15¾ in
FlowersJune–September
PlantingMarch–April, September
PruningFebruary–March
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in dry to average soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

acidic to neutral soil
acidicneutralalkaline
dry to averagenot fussy about soil

Watering

Lemon balm — Watering
drought tolerant once establishedless when it rains

Frost

−99 °F
no winter protectiondies back in winter, regrows in spring

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

19¾ in3 ft 3⅜ in4 ft 11 in1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ inspread 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in
1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in× spread 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in

Plant 15¾ in apart.

How to plant: singly, 17¾ in apart

Reaches maturity in about 2–5 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberSowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberPruning: JanuaryPruning: FebruaryPruning: MarchPruning: AprilPruning: MayPruning: JunePruning: JulyPruning: AugustPruning: SeptemberPruning: OctoberPruning: NovemberPruning: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersSowingPlantingFeedingPruningHarvest
Now, in October: time to harvest.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–September · white

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

sow indoors: March–April

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

division: March–April, September

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

March–April

Pruning

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

cut back to the ground (February–March)

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

March–November

Feeding

Nutrition.

Compost

0.29 qt/sq ft once in spring · March–April

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pruning

When and how to prune.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons).

Lemon balm — Cut back to the ground

Cut back to the ground

FebMar
How to prunePrune hard: last year’s faded lemon balm stems down to the ground by early spring, before new growth appears. Note: if not cut back after flowering, lemon balm self-seeds around the garden.

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

What you will see

Coarse pale speckling on the upper leaf surfaces; leafhoppers on the undersides.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed.
  2. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).
Sage and Ligurian leafhopperspest · April–September

What you will see

Coarse pale speckling on the upper leaf surfaces; leafhoppers on the undersides.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed.
  2. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).
More about this problem

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in fall; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand fallPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
Powdery mildewsdisease · from spring onwards

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in fall; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand fallPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
More about this problem

What you will see

Yellowing and wilting leaves, dieback of shoots.

When to look

Throughout the year; symptoms can develop rapidly in hot weather

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not carry soil on tools and shoes; control weeds.
  2. By handDig up a confirmed plant with its roots and destroy it; consider grassing over the area or a resistant replacement.
Verticillium wiltdisease · throughout the year; symptoms can develop rapidly in hot weather

What you will see

Yellowing and wilting leaves, dieback of shoots.

When to look

Throughout the year; symptoms can develop rapidly in hot weather

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not carry soil on tools and shoes; control weeds.
  2. By handDig up a confirmed plant with its roots and destroy it; consider grassing over the area or a resistant replacement.
More about this problem
Sources (5)

What to combine it with

Ready-made combinations.

Ready-made Studio combinations with this plant

Click a combination — the Studio opens a new raised garden bed with it already planted.

Herbs for tea — lemon balmHerbs for tea — peppermintHerbs for tea — hyssopHerbs for tea — common sage
Herbs for teaLemon balm, mint, hyssop and sage — tea from the bed from spring to fall.Open in the Studio

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does lemon balm flower?

In June–September; the flowers are white.

When do I sow lemon balm?

In March–April (sow indoors).

When is lemon balm harvested?

In March–November.

Does lemon balm tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does lemon balm need?

At maturity 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in wide and 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in tall; recommended spacing 15¾ in.

Sage and Ligurian leafhoppers — what can you do?

Affected herbs are safe to eat; no control is needed. Encourage natural enemies (ladybirds, wasps, ground beetles, birds).

Powdery mildews — what can you do?

Destroy fallen infected leaves in fall; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew). Prune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.

Sources (9) Checked 20 October 2026

Similar plants

Have a look at these too.

peppermint

Mentha ×piperita

11¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in × 1 ft 3¾ in–4 ft 11 in
Moderate careherb

lavandin

Lavandula × intermedia

1 ft 7⅝ in–3 ft 3⅜ in × 1 ft 5¾ in–3 ft 3⅜ in
Low maintenanceherb

common sage

Salvia officinalis

1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 3½ in × 1 ft 3¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in
Low maintenanceherb

hyssop

Hyssopus officinalis

1 ft 5¾ in–1 ft 11⅝ in × 11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in
Low maintenanceherb
Design a bed with this plant in Studio