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Vegetable · Brassicaceae family

Horseradish

Armoracia rusticana

Full sun to part shade 0.6–1.5 m × 0.75–1.2 m Harvest October–December to −34 °C

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
Size0.6–1.5 m
spacing 60 cm
Water~10–14 l/m²
a week in a dry summer
PlantingMarch–August
HarvestOctober–December
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistnot fussy about soil

Watering

Horseradish — Watering
~10–14 l/m²a week in a dry summer
only in dry spellsdrought tolerant once establishedless when it rains

Frost

−34 °C
no winter protection

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

50 cm1 m1.5 m0.6–1.5 mspread 0.75–1.2 m
0.6–1.5 m× spread 0.75–1.2 m

Plant 60 cm apart.

How to plant: singly

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeedingHarvest
Now, in October: time to harvest.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

root-balled: March–August

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

April–August

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

October–December

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horseradish — Feeding
Light
balanced fertiliser
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

Rhizoctonia root rot of horseradish

Rhizoctonia root rot of horseradish

Rhizoctonia solani
disease

What you will see

On the cuttings (side roots) and on the main roots there are round to oval sunken dark brown spots 0.5–2 cm, with white fungal mycelium in damp conditions; they may be cracked or canker-like thickened. Yield loss up to 30%.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Keep to a crop rotation of at least three years; the fungus attacks many other crops.
    • Cooler, quick-drying soils reduce infection.
    • Side roots are the planting material for the next year, so the disease spreads through planting stock.
Rhizoctonia root rot of horseradishdisease

What you will see

On the cuttings (side roots) and on the main roots there are round to oval sunken dark brown spots 0.5–2 cm, with white fungal mycelium in damp conditions; they may be cracked or canker-like thickened. Yield loss up to 30%.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Keep to a crop rotation of at least three years; the fungus attacks many other crops.
    • Cooler, quick-drying soils reduce infection.
    • Side roots are the planting material for the next year, so the disease spreads through planting stock.
Sources (1)

Bed neighbours

Good and bad neighbours.

Each neighbour shows how we know it.

✓Good neighbours

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When is horseradish harvested?

In October–December.

Does horseradish tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does horseradish need?

At maturity 0.75–1.2 m wide and 0.6–1.5 m tall; recommended spacing 60 cm.

Rhizoctonia root rot of horseradish — what can you do?

Keep to a crop rotation of at least three years; the fungus attacks many other crops.

Sources (8) Checked 2 September 2026

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