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Raised garden bed I – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed IRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed L – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed LRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed U – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed URaised garden bedsBed I with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed I with benchRaised garden bedsBed L with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed L with benchRaised garden bedsSolid bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchSolid benchSeatingPedestal bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchPedestal benchSeatingBench with planter – solid 2⅜ in European larchBench with planterSeatingGarden table – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden tableSeatingTable and two benches – solid 2⅜ in European larchTable and two benchesSeatingSandbox with seating – solid 2⅜ in European larchSandbox with seatingFor kidsGarden steps – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden stepsSlope & terrace

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Brick Premium bedsSeatingKids’ cornerSlope & terraceCustom-size bedLow wall & slopeBed for the patio
Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Vegetable · Amaranthaceae family

Spinach

Spinacia oleracea

Full sun to part shade 5⅞ in–11¾ in × 5⅞ in–11¾ in Harvest May–November Moderate care

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
Size5⅞ in–11¾ in
spacing 6 in
Water~2.06 qt/sq ft
a week in a dry summer
SowingMarch–May, August–September
HarvestMay–November
WinterCover with horticultural fleece

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

acidic to neutral soil
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moisthumus-richloamy

Watering

Spinach — Watering
~2.06 qt/sq fta week in a dry summer
keep the soil evenly moistat the base, not on the leavesless when it rains

Winter

cover with horticultural fleece

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

19¾ in3 ft 3⅜ in4 ft 11 in5⅞ in–11¾ inspread 5⅞ in–11¾ in
5⅞ in–11¾ in× spread 5⅞ in–11¾ in

Plant 6 in apart.

How to plant: in rows, 4 in in the row, 7¾ in between rows

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Sowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SowingHarvest
Now, in October: time to harvest. · watch for pigeons (wood pigeon, feral pigeon).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

direct sowing: March–May, August–September

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–November

Feeding

Nutrition.

Spinach — Feeding
Horn meal

up to 0.33 oz/sq ft · in 1 dose

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

What you will see

Discoloured areas on the top of leaves, with a white, gray or purple coating beneath.

When to look

Mainly summer and fall, especially in damp conditions

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not plant densely; weed so air can circulate.
    • Water in the morning and avoid wetting the leaves in the evening.
    • Rotate crops; soil spores survive.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsPull off affected leaves and dispose of them (burying, burning, recycling center).
Downy mildewsdisease · mainly summer and fall, especially in damp conditions

What you will see

Discoloured areas on the top of leaves, with a white, gray or purple coating beneath.

When to look

Mainly summer and fall, especially in damp conditions

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not plant densely; weed so air can circulate.
    • Water in the morning and avoid wetting the leaves in the evening.
    • Rotate crops; soil spores survive.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsPull off affected leaves and dispose of them (burying, burning, recycling center).
More about this problem

What you will see

Torn leaves, often only the stalks are left.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–November

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • The only sure protection is to grow under netting or in a cage; scarers and repellents protect only briefly at best.
  2. By hand after plantingStretch netting over the crop (keep it taut and free of holes so birds do not get caught) or use a cage.
Pigeons (wood pigeon, feral pigeon)pest · March–November

What you will see

Torn leaves, often only the stalks are left.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–November

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • The only sure protection is to grow under netting or in a cage; scarers and repellents protect only briefly at best.
  2. By hand after plantingStretch netting over the crop (keep it taut and free of holes so birds do not get caught) or use a cage.
More about this problem

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
Slugs and snailspest

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem
Sources (4)

Bed neighbors

Good and bad neighbors.

Each neighbor shows how we know it.

✓Good neighbors

✕Bad neighbors

Ready-made Studio combinations with this plant

Click a combination — the Studio opens a new raised garden bed with it already planted.

Leafy greens — lettuceLeafy greens — Swiss chardLeafy greens — spinachLeafy greens — endive
Leafy greensLettuce, chard, spinach and endive — green leaves for quick harvests, even in part shade.Open in the Studio

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When do I sow spinach?

In March–May, August–September (direct sowing).

When is spinach harvested?

In May–November.

Does spinach tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does spinach need?

At maturity 5⅞ in–11¾ in wide and 5⅞ in–11¾ in tall; recommended spacing 6 in.

Downy mildews — what can you do?

Do not plant densely; weed so air can circulate. Pull off affected leaves and dispose of them (burying, burning, recycling center).

Pigeons (wood pigeon, feral pigeon) — what can you do?

The only sure protection is to grow under netting or in a cage; scarers and repellents protect only briefly at best. Stretch netting over the crop (keep it taut and free of holes so birds do not get caught) or use a cage.

Sources (7) Checked 27 October 2026

Similar plants

Have a look at these too.

beet

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Conditiva Group)

11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in × 7⅞ in–11¾ in
Low maintenancevegetable

Swiss chard

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (Cicla Group)

11¾ in–1 ft 11⅝ in × 7⅞ in–1 ft 5¾ in
Low maintenancevegetable

kohlrabi

Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes

9⅞ in–11¾ in × 9⅞ in–11¾ in
Low maintenancevegetable
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