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Vegetable · Apiaceae family

Celeriac

Apium graveolens var. rapaceum

Full sun 1 ft 5¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in × 11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in Harvest June–October Demanding

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size1 ft 5¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in
spacing 11¾ in
PlantingMay–June
HarvestJune–October
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
moisthumus-richloamy

Watering

Celeriac — Watering
keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

Winter

no winter protection

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

19¾ in3 ft 3⅜ in4 ft 11 in1 ft 5¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ inspread 11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in
1 ft 5¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in× spread 11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in

Plant 11¾ in apart.

How to plant: staggered, 11¾ in apart

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Sowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberCheck: JanuaryCheck: FebruaryCheck: MarchCheck: AprilCheck: MayCheck: JuneCheck: JulyCheck: AugustCheck: SeptemberCheck: OctoberCheck: NovemberCheck: DecemberProtection: JanuaryProtection: FebruaryProtection: MarchProtection: AprilProtection: MayProtection: JuneProtection: JulyProtection: AugustProtection: SeptemberProtection: OctoberProtection: NovemberProtection: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SowingPlantingFeedingHarvestCheckProtection
Now, in October: time to harvest. · Check – Regularly check leaves for larval tunnels and pinch off affected parts. · watch for celery leaf mining fly · watch for carrot fly.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

sow indoors: March

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

transplant outdoors: May–June

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–October

Check

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–October: Regularly check leaves for larval tunnels and pinch off affected parts.

Protection

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–October (protection): Cover the crop with fine insect mesh against carrot fly.

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 0.49 oz/sq ft · in 2 doses: at planting and 3–4 weeks later · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

What you will see

Blotchy eaten-out areas (tunnels) in the leaves, which turn brown and papery.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover plants with fine mesh and rotate crops.
    • Check plants regularly in summer.
  2. By hand in summer and at the end of the seasonPinch off affected parts of leaves; at the end of the season bury affected leaves deeply (you destroy overwintering pupae).
Celery leaf mining flypest · May–October

What you will see

Blotchy eaten-out areas (tunnels) in the leaves, which turn brown and papery.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover plants with fine mesh and rotate crops.
    • Check plants regularly in summer.
  2. By hand in summer and at the end of the seasonPinch off affected parts of leaves; at the end of the season bury affected leaves deeply (you destroy overwintering pupae).
More about this problem

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings.
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
Slugs and snailspest

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings.
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem

What you will see

Rust-brown scars and tunnels in the roots; slender creamy-yellow larvae up to ⅜ in inside.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover crops with fine mesh and rotate crops; full cover is more effective than a barrier.
  2. Biological spring and summer, when larvae hatchA mixture of pathogenic nematodes watered into the soil against young larvae (Steinernema feltiae in spring, S. carpocapsae in summer).
Carrot flypest · May–October

What you will see

Rust-brown scars and tunnels in the roots; slender creamy-yellow larvae up to ⅜ in inside.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover crops with fine mesh and rotate crops; full cover is more effective than a barrier.
  2. Biological spring and summer, when larvae hatchA mixture of pathogenic nematodes watered into the soil against young larvae (Steinernema feltiae in spring, S. carpocapsae in summer).
More about this problem
Sources (4)

Bed neighbors

Good and bad neighbors.

Each neighbor shows how we know it.

✓Good neighbors

✕Bad neighbors

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When do I sow celeriac?

In March (sow indoors).

When is celeriac harvested?

In June–October.

Does celeriac tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does celeriac need?

At maturity 11¾ in–1 ft 5¾ in wide and 1 ft 5¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in tall; recommended spacing 11¾ in.

Celery leaf mining fly — what can you do?

Cover plants with fine mesh and rotate crops. Pinch off affected parts of leaves; at the end of the season bury affected leaves deeply (you destroy overwintering pupae).

Slugs and snails — what can you do?

Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings. Pick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.

Sources (7) Checked 22 October 2026

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