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Perennial · Verbenaceae family

Purpletop vervain

Verbena bonariensis

Full sun 1–2 m × 0.3–0.9 m Flowers June–October to −18 °C
Flower colours Click a colour

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size1–2 m
spacing 45 cm
FlowersJune–October
PlantingApril–May
WinterMulch around the base

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistsandyloamy

Watering

only in dry spellsless when it rains

Frost

−18 °C
mulch around the basedies back in winter, regrows in spring

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

50 cm1 m1.5 m2 m1–2 mspread 0.3–0.9 m
1–2 m× spread 0.3–0.9 m

Plant 45 cm apart.

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberSowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersSowingPlanting
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in March.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–October · purple

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

sow indoors: March–April; direct sowing: May

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: April–May

Feeding

Nutrition.

No feeding

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves and stems; leaves curl and dry out.

The source says: it is among the ornamental plants susceptible to powdery mildew.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Sunny, airy position; not in a still spot against a wall.
    • Do not overdo nitrogen (lush young leaves are more susceptible).
    • Water at the roots, not on the leaves.
  2. By hand as soon as the first symptoms appearQuickly cut out affected shoots and burn them or take them away (not to the compost).
  3. Gentle spray at the start of infectionSulphur or fatty acids (potassium soap) according to the label.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps only in a heavy attackA product authorised in your country against powdery mildew.
Powdery mildewsdiseaseMedium risk

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves and stems; leaves curl and dry out.

The source says: it is among the ornamental plants susceptible to powdery mildew.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Sunny, airy position; not in a still spot against a wall.
    • Do not overdo nitrogen (lush young leaves are more susceptible).
    • Water at the roots, not on the leaves.
  2. By hand as soon as the first symptoms appearQuickly cut out affected shoots and burn them or take them away (not to the compost).
  3. Gentle spray at the start of infectionSulphur or fatty acids (potassium soap) according to the label.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps only in a heavy attackA product authorised in your country against powdery mildew.
More about this problem

What you will see

Colonies of tiny insects on shoots and buds, sticky honeydew, curled leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Check plants regularly from spring.
    • Encourage ladybirds, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRub off colonies by hand or wash them off with a jet of water.
  3. Biological spring to summerRelease lacewing larvae, aphid midge larvae or ladybirds.
  4. Gentle spray in a heavy infestation, repeatPotassium soap (fatty acids) or plant oil.
  5. Chemical — only when nothing else helps only as a last resortA product authorised in your country against aphids.
Aphidspest

What you will see

Colonies of tiny insects on shoots and buds, sticky honeydew, curled leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Check plants regularly from spring.
    • Encourage ladybirds, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRub off colonies by hand or wash them off with a jet of water.
  3. Biological spring to summerRelease lacewing larvae, aphid midge larvae or ladybirds.
  4. Gentle spray in a heavy infestation, repeatPotassium soap (fatty acids) or plant oil.
  5. Chemical — only when nothing else helps only as a last resortA product authorised in your country against aphids.
More about this problem

What you will see

Silvery speckling of leaves and flowers.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Outdoors, plants usually survive even with silvery speckling; encourage natural enemies.
  2. BiologicalPredatory bug Orius laevigatus and mites (mainly in the greenhouse).
Thripspest · April–September

What you will see

Silvery speckling of leaves and flowers.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–September

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Outdoors, plants usually survive even with silvery speckling; encourage natural enemies.
  2. BiologicalPredatory bug Orius laevigatus and mites (mainly in the greenhouse).
More about this problem

What you will see

Pale dots on leaves, tiny hopping insects on the undersides of leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Regularly check the undersides of leaves.
    • Encourage natural enemies.
  2. By hand when foundA strong jet of water washes off some of the insects.
  3. Gentle spray in a heavy infestationPotassium soap or plant oil according to the label.
Leafhopperspest

What you will see

Pale dots on leaves, tiny hopping insects on the undersides of leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Regularly check the undersides of leaves.
    • Encourage natural enemies.
  2. By hand when foundA strong jet of water washes off some of the insects.
  3. Gentle spray in a heavy infestationPotassium soap or plant oil according to the label.
More about this problem
Sources (7)

What to combine it with

Same needs, different flowering.

They share the same sun and soil and flower in other months — so the bed flowers for longer.

garden tulip

garden tulip

0.25–0.6 m
✓flowers April–May
✓lower — for the front
border forsythia

border forsythia

2.4–3 m
✓flowers March–April
✓taller — for the back
slender pride of Rochester

slender pride of Rochester

0.6–1.5 m
✓flowers April–June
✓lower — for the front

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does purpletop vervain flower?

In June–October; the flowers are purple.

When do I sow purpletop vervain?

In March–May (sow indoors, direct sowing).

Does purpletop vervain tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does purpletop vervain need?

At maturity 0.3–0.9 m wide and 1–2 m tall; recommended spacing 45 cm.

Aphids — what can you do?

Check plants regularly from spring. Rub off colonies by hand or wash them off with a jet of water.

Thrips — what can you do?

Outdoors, plants usually survive even with silvery speckling; encourage natural enemies. Predatory bug Orius laevigatus and mites (mainly in the greenhouse).

Sources (7) Checked 23 October 2026

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