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Vegetable · Solanaceae family

Eggplant

Solanum melongena

Full sun 0.6–1.2 m × 0.3–0.9 m Moderate care

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size0.6–1.2 m
spacing 60 cm
Water7 l
per plant a week
PlantingMay–June
WinterBring indoors for winter

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

acidic to neutral soil
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistloamysandyhumus-rich

Watering

Eggplant — Watering
7 lper plant a week
keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

Winter

bring indoors for winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

50 cm1 m1.5 m0.6–1.2 mspread 0.3–0.9 m
0.6–1.2 m× spread 0.3–0.9 m

Plant 60 cm apart.

How to plant: staggered, 50 cm apart

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeeding
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in May.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

transplant outdoors: May–June

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May

Feeding

Nutrition.

Eggplant — Feeding
Horn meal

up to 100 g/m² · in 1 dose · May

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Most often lacking: calcium → brown patch at the blossom end of the fruit

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level
Glasshouse whitefly

Glasshouse whitefly

Trialeurodes vaporariorum
High riskpest
More about this problem

What you will see

Sticky honeydew on leaves, black sooty mould and tiny white winged insects.

The source says: it is among the crops highly susceptible to whiteflies.

When to look

Outdoors mainly in warm summers, under glass throughout the growing season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Inspect new plants and, if possible, quarantine them.
    • Get rid of unneeded plants from the greenhouse so the whitefly has fewer hosts.
  2. By hand throughout the growing seasonYellow sticky traps are for monitoring, not a major control measure.
  3. Biological early, before a heavy infestationParasitic wasps (from a biological control supplier) attack whitefly larvae; release them early, before plants are heavily infested. Parasitised larvae turn black.
Glasshouse whiteflypest · outdoors mainly in warm summers, under glass throughout the growing seasonHigh risk

What you will see

Sticky honeydew on leaves, black sooty mould and tiny white winged insects.

The source says: it is among the crops highly susceptible to whiteflies.

When to look

Outdoors mainly in warm summers, under glass throughout the growing season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Inspect new plants and, if possible, quarantine them.
    • Get rid of unneeded plants from the greenhouse so the whitefly has fewer hosts.
  2. By hand throughout the growing seasonYellow sticky traps are for monitoring, not a major control measure.
  3. Biological early, before a heavy infestationParasitic wasps (from a biological control supplier) attack whitefly larvae; release them early, before plants are heavily infested. Parasitised larvae turn black.
More about this problem
Blossom end rot

Blossom end rot

High riskphysiological disorder
More about this problem

What you will see

A dark sunken rot forms at the end of the fruit (the side opposite the stalk); it is caused by a lack of calcium in the fruit when water is uneven.

The source says: large-fruited vegetables like this one are particularly susceptible.

When to look

Summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Never let the plant dry out; in hot weather water even 2× a day, preferably twice a little rather than once a lot.
    • For a grow bag or pot, consider a larger container, automatic watering or mulch.
    • Extra calcium in the soil helps only a little: calcium reaches the fruit only when water flows evenly.
Blossom end rotphysiological disorder · summerHigh risk

What you will see

A dark sunken rot forms at the end of the fruit (the side opposite the stalk); it is caused by a lack of calcium in the fruit when water is uneven.

The source says: large-fruited vegetables like this one are particularly susceptible.

When to look

Summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Never let the plant dry out; in hot weather water even 2× a day, preferably twice a little rather than once a lot.
    • For a grow bag or pot, consider a larger container, automatic watering or mulch.
    • Extra calcium in the soil helps only a little: calcium reaches the fruit only when water flows evenly.
More about this problem

What you will see

Colonies of tiny insects on young shoots and under leaves, stunted and distorted growth, sticky honeydew and black sooty mould on it.

When to look

Spring and summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Tolerate a small number: aphids are food for beneficial insects.
    • Check plants often so you can act in time.
    • Encourage ladybirds, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  2. By hand as soon as you spot themSquash colonies with your fingers or remove affected shoot tips.
  3. Biological before a heavy infestationIn a greenhouse you can buy in hoverfly larvae, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorised in your country against aphids. Try non-chemical methods first.
Aphidspest · spring and summer

What you will see

Colonies of tiny insects on young shoots and under leaves, stunted and distorted growth, sticky honeydew and black sooty mould on it.

When to look

Spring and summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Tolerate a small number: aphids are food for beneficial insects.
    • Check plants often so you can act in time.
    • Encourage ladybirds, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  2. By hand as soon as you spot themSquash colonies with your fingers or remove affected shoot tips.
  3. Biological before a heavy infestationIn a greenhouse you can buy in hoverfly larvae, lacewings and parasitic wasps.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorised in your country against aphids. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem

What you will see

Speckled leaves and early leaf drop.

When to look

Outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow.
    • In autumn, remove heavily infested plants and clear away debris, canes and ties; disinfect the greenhouse thoroughly.
    • Weed around the greenhouse; weeds are hosts.
  2. Biological March to OctoberPredatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.
  3. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorised in your country against mites. Try non-chemical methods first.
Two-spotted spider mitepest · outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

What you will see

Speckled leaves and early leaf drop.

When to look

Outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow.
    • In autumn, remove heavily infested plants and clear away debris, canes and ties; disinfect the greenhouse thoroughly.
    • Weed around the greenhouse; weeds are hosts.
  2. Biological March to OctoberPredatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.
  3. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorised in your country against mites. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem
Sources (6)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

Does eggplant tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does eggplant need?

At maturity 0.3–0.9 m wide and 0.6–1.2 m tall; recommended spacing 60 cm.

Aphids — what can you do?

Tolerate a small number: aphids are food for beneficial insects. Squash colonies with your fingers or remove affected shoot tips.

Two-spotted spider mite — what can you do?

Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow. Predatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.

Sources (5) Checked 27 October 2026

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