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Shrub · Scrophulariaceae family

Butterfly bush

Buddleja davidii

Full sun in a garden 1.8–3 m × 1–2 m Flowers June–September to −23 °C
Flower colours Click a colour

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
in a garden after 10 years1.8–3 m
in the wild up to 4 m
spacing 1.8 m
FlowersJune–September
PlantingMarch–May
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
averageclayloamysandy

Watering

regularly until establisheddrought tolerant once establishedless when it rains

Frost

−23 °C
no winter protectionleafless in winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

1 m2 m3 m4 m1.8–4 mspread 1.2–4.5 m
1.8–4 m× spread 1.2–4.5 m

Plant 1.8 m apart.

Reaches maturity in about 5–10 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersPlanting
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in March.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–September · purple

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–May

Feeding

Nutrition.

Light
compost or mulch

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level
Honey fungus

Honey fungus

Armillaria
High riskdisease
More about this problem

What you will see

Rotting roots, white mycelium under the bark, black bootlaces (rhizomorphs) in the soil, sudden death; mushrooms in autumn.

The source says: it is among the plants particularly susceptible to honey fungus.

When to look

Summer – autumn

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Choose species that honey fungus rarely attacks (e.g. Vaccinium).
  2. By handA deep barrier (45 cm) of rubber sheeting in the soil blocks the bootlaces; regular deep cultivation breaks them.
Honey fungusdisease · summer – autumnHigh risk

What you will see

Rotting roots, white mycelium under the bark, black bootlaces (rhizomorphs) in the soil, sudden death; mushrooms in autumn.

The source says: it is among the plants particularly susceptible to honey fungus.

When to look

Summer – autumn

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Choose species that honey fungus rarely attacks (e.g. Vaccinium).
  2. By handA deep barrier (45 cm) of rubber sheeting in the soil blocks the bootlaces; regular deep cultivation breaks them.
More about this problem

What you will see

Leaves are speckled and bronzing, with fine webbing on the underside.

The source says: spider mites are common on this plant.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Reduce dust and water stress; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides, which cause mite outbreaks.
  2. By handA strong jet of water on the underside of leaves.
  3. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap or oil, thoroughly on the undersides; only after mites are confirmed.
Spider mitespestMedium risk

What you will see

Leaves are speckled and bronzing, with fine webbing on the underside.

The source says: spider mites are common on this plant.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Reduce dust and water stress; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides, which cause mite outbreaks.
  2. By handA strong jet of water on the underside of leaves.
  3. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap or oil, thoroughly on the undersides; only after mites are confirmed.
More about this problem

What you will see

Clusters of tiny sap-sucking insects on young shoots, curled leaves, sticky honeydew and sooty mould.

When to look

Spring – summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them.
  2. By handWipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.
  3. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, earwigs, birds).
Aphidspest · spring – summer

What you will see

Clusters of tiny sap-sucking insects on young shoots, curled leaves, sticky honeydew and sooty mould.

When to look

Spring – summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them.
  2. By handWipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.
  3. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, earwigs, birds).
More about this problem

What you will see

Brown to black spots on leaves; leaves turn yellow early.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove old leaves before they infect the new season.
    • Do not wet the leaves when watering; keep the plant unstressed.
  2. By hand after the first spots; in autumnRemove affected leaves at once and destroy them; collect fallen leaves in autumn.
Leaf spotsdisease

What you will see

Brown to black spots on leaves; leaves turn yellow early.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove old leaves before they infect the new season.
    • Do not wet the leaves when watering; keep the plant unstressed.
  2. By hand after the first spots; in autumnRemove affected leaves at once and destroy them; collect fallen leaves in autumn.
More about this problem
Sources (7)

What to combine it with

Same needs, different flowering.

They share the same sun and soil and flower in other months — so the bed flowers for longer.

common box

common box

1.5–5 m
✓flowers March–April
✓taller — for the back
star magnolia

star magnolia

3–5 m
✓flowers March–April
✓taller — for the back
Fraser photinia

Fraser photinia

3.1–6.1 m
✓flowers April–May
✓taller — for the back

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does butterfly bush flower?

In June–September; the flowers are purple.

Does butterfly bush tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does butterfly bush need?

At maturity 1.2–4.5 m wide and 1.8–4 m tall; recommended spacing 1.8 m.

Aphids — what can you do?

Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them. Wipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.

Spider mites — what can you do?

Reduce dust and water stress; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides, which cause mite outbreaks. A strong jet of water on the underside of leaves.

Sources (9) Checked 23 October 2026

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