Tree · Pinaceae family
Austrian pine
Pinus nigra
In short a 10-second read
Austrian pine (tree) grows to 12–30 m tall and 6–12 m wide when mature. It grows best in full sun, in soil from dry to moist. Hardy to −34 °C.
× spread 6–12 m
Where to plant
Sun, soil, frost.
It grows best in full sun, in soil from dry to moist. Hardy to −34 °C.
Sun
Elsewhere it will grow less well.
Soil and water
dry to moist · watering: moderate
Soil: clay, loamy, sandy
Soil pH 5–8.5
Frost
It copes with a normal winter outdoors.
How much space it takes
Mature size.
The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).
Next to a person
Reaches maturity in about 20–50 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.
Calendar
What to do and when.
Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.
The year at a glance
Pruning
No pruning needed — just remove overlong shoots (April–August).
Planting
container plant: March, October–November
Winter protection
not needed
Overwintering
It copes with winter on its own.
It overwinters outdoors without protection, hardy to −34 °C.
- Needs no protection
- Hardy to −34 °C
- Evergreen — green in winter too
Frequently asked
Quick answers.
Does Austrian pine tolerate shade?
No, it needs full sun.
How much space does Austrian pine need?
At maturity 6–12 m wide and 12–30 m tall; recommended spacing 800 cm.
Does Austrian pine survive winter outdoors?
Yes, without protection, hardy to −34 °C.
Where the data comes from
The data is indicative — we are still comparing it with further sources. Last checked 17 October 2026.
Show sources (19)
- NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox — Pinus nigra
- Oregon State University Landscape Plants — Pinus nigra
- EUR-Lex — vykonávacie nariadenie
- Slov-lex — nariadenie vlády SR č. 449/2019 Z. z.
- GBIF Occurrence Search API — Pinus nigra
- EPPO Global Database — Pinus nigra
- Pergl J. et al. (2016) Black, Grey and Watch Lists of alien species in the Czech Republic, NeoBiota 28: 1–37 (doi 10.3897/neobiota.28.4824) — Appendix
- Nehring S. et al. (2013) Naturschutzfachliche Invasivitätsbewertungen für in Deutschland wild lebende gebietsfremde Gefäßpflanzen, BfN-Skripten 352 (Bundesamt für Naturschutz) — Schwarze/Graue Liste
- Dziennik Ustaw RP 2022 poz. 2649 — Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z 9. 12. 2022 o liste inwazyjnych gatunków obcych stwarzających zagrożenie dla Unii i dla Polski
- Miljøstyrelsen (DK) — Invasive plantearter
- Polleninformation.at Plantcompass — Pine
- Zahradníková E., Rendeková A., Ščevková J. (2023) Temporal variation of allergenic potential in urban parks: a case study from Bratislava, Slovakia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31: 2026–2041 (doi 10.1007/s11356-023-31137-9) — tabuľka peľového a alergénneho potenciálu drevín
- RHS - Watering
- RHS - Pinus nigra
- RHS - Trees and shrubs: planting
- Clemson HGIC - Planting Trees Correctly
- RHS - How to grow conifers
- Pergl et al. 2016, NeoBiota 28 (Botanický ústav AV ČR) — Black List BL2
- BfN — Naturschutzfachliche Invasivitätsbewertung
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