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Vegetable · Fabaceae family

Pea

Pisum sativum

Full sun to part shade 0.45–1.8 m × 0.15–0.3 m Harvest June–July Moderate care

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
Size0.45–1.8 m
spacing 10 cm
Water~24 l/m²
a week in a dry summer
SowingMarch–June
HarvestJune–July
Care levelModerate care

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

acidic to neutral soil
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistnot fussy about soil

Watering

Pea — Watering
~24 l/m²a week in a dry summer
only in dry spellsmore when fruitingless when it rains

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

50 cm1 m1.5 m0.45–1.8 mspread 0.15–0.3 m
0.45–1.8 m× spread 0.15–0.3 m

Plant 10 cm apart.

How to plant: next to a support, 7.5 cm in the row, 30 cm between rows

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Sowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberProtection: JanuaryProtection: FebruaryProtection: MarchProtection: AprilProtection: MayProtection: JuneProtection: JulyProtection: AugustProtection: SeptemberProtection: OctoberProtection: NovemberProtection: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SowingFeedingHarvestProtection
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in March.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

direct sowing: March–June

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

March–April

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–July

Protection

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–July (protection): Time peas to flower outside the moth's egg-laying period (June–July) or cover them with fleece at that time.

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 50 g/m² · in 1 dose · March–April

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers.

The source says: it can be a serious disease of peas.

When to look

From spring, especially later in the season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water regularly and do not let plants suffer from drought; mulch (leave the area by the stem clear).
    • Improve airflow around plants.
    • Grow varieties with partial resistance, if available.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected leaves early; dispose of fallen affected leaves in autumn.
Powdery mildewsdisease · from spring, especially later in the seasonHigh risk

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers.

The source says: it can be a serious disease of peas.

When to look

From spring, especially later in the season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water regularly and do not let plants suffer from drought; mulch (leave the area by the stem clear).
    • Improve airflow around plants.
    • Grow varieties with partial resistance, if available.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected leaves early; dispose of fallen affected leaves in autumn.
More about this problem
Pea and bean weevil

Pea and bean weevil

Sitona lineatus
Low riskpest

What you will see

Adult beetles eat the leaf edges (semicircular notches).

The source says: established plants can tolerate this feeding.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Control is usually not needed, plants tolerate the damage; healthy seedlings grow out of it.
  2. By hand April to JulyCover young plants with fleece or cloches and water them so they grow quickly and outgrow the damage.
Pea and bean weevilpest · April–JulyLow risk

What you will see

Adult beetles eat the leaf edges (semicircular notches).

The source says: established plants can tolerate this feeding.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
April–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Control is usually not needed, plants tolerate the damage; healthy seedlings grow out of it.
  2. By hand April to JulyCover young plants with fleece or cloches and water them so they grow quickly and outgrow the damage.
Pea moth

Pea moth

Cydia nigricana
pest

What you will see

Small creamy-white caterpillars eat the peas inside the pod.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
June–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Sow fast-maturing varieties early or late so they flower outside the egg-laying period (June–July).
    • Mangetout (eaten before the seeds develop) is usually unaffected.
    • Cover peas with fleece (peas are self-pollinating).
  2. By hand June and JulyCover against egg-laying during flowering.
Pea mothpest · June–July

What you will see

Small creamy-white caterpillars eat the peas inside the pod.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
June–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Sow fast-maturing varieties early or late so they flower outside the egg-laying period (June–July).
    • Mangetout (eaten before the seeds develop) is usually unaffected.
    • Cover peas with fleece (peas are self-pollinating).
  2. By hand June and JulyCover against egg-laying during flowering.
Mice and voles

Mice and voles

pest

What you will see

Freshly sown pea seeds eaten, seedlings gnawed; in cold weather they enter polytunnels.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Protect freshly sown seeds and seedlings with a cover or netting.
    • In cold weather, check the greenhouse and cold frame.
  2. By hand after sowingCover sown rows with netting or a cover and check for damage.
Mice and volespest · March–July

What you will see

Freshly sown pea seeds eaten, seedlings gnawed; in cold weather they enter polytunnels.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Protect freshly sown seeds and seedlings with a cover or netting.
    • In cold weather, check the greenhouse and cold frame.
  2. By hand after sowingCover sown rows with netting or a cover and check for damage.

What you will see

Torn leaves, often only the stalks are left; peas are among the worst affected.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • The only sure protection is to grow under netting or in a cage; scarers and repellents protect only briefly at best.
  2. By hand after plantingStretch netting over the crop (keep it taut and free of holes so birds do not get caught) or use a cage.
Pigeons (wood pigeon, feral pigeon)pest · March–July

What you will see

Torn leaves, often only the stalks are left; peas are among the worst affected.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
March–July

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • The only sure protection is to grow under netting or in a cage; scarers and repellents protect only briefly at best.
  2. By hand after plantingStretch netting over the crop (keep it taut and free of holes so birds do not get caught) or use a cage.
More about this problem
Sources (7)

Bed neighbours

Good and bad neighbours.

Each neighbour shows how we know it.

✓Good neighbours

✕Bad neighbours

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When do I sow pea?

In March–June (direct sowing).

When is pea harvested?

In June–July.

Does pea tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does pea need?

At maturity 0.15–0.3 m wide and 0.45–1.8 m tall; recommended spacing 10 cm.

Pea moth — what can you do?

Sow fast-maturing varieties early or late so they flower outside the egg-laying period (June–July). Cover against egg-laying during flowering.

Powdery mildews — what can you do?

Water regularly and do not let plants suffer from drought; mulch (leave the area by the stem clear). Remove affected leaves early; dispose of fallen affected leaves in autumn.

Sources (8) Checked 27 October 2026

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