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Bulb · Amaryllidaceae family

Giant onion

Allium giganteum

Full sun 0.9–1.5 m × 0.45–0.6 m Flowers June–July to −29 °C
Flower colours Click a colour

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size0.9–1.5 m
spacing 58 cm
FlowersJune–July
PlantingSeptember–November
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
averageloamysandyclay

Watering

only in dry spellsless when it rains

Frost

−29 °C
no winter protectiondies back in winter, regrows in spring

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

50 cm1 m1.5 m0.9–1.5 mspread 0.45–0.6 m
0.9–1.5 m× spread 0.45–0.6 m

Plant 58 cm apart.

Reaches maturity in about 2–5 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersPlanting
Now, in October: a good time for planting (bulb).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

June–July · purple

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

bulb: September–November

What to plant now (October) full list in October (244) →

Feeding

Nutrition.

Light
high-potash fertiliser

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

Onion white rot

Stromatinia cepivora
High riskdisease
More about this problem

What you will see

Yellowing leaves, white mycelium on the bulb.

The source says: it is a serious disease of the onion family.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not repeat alliums in the same place.
  2. By hand once noticedDig up affected plants.
Onion white rotdiseaseHigh risk

What you will see

Yellowing leaves, white mycelium on the bulb.

The source says: it is a serious disease of the onion family.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Do not repeat alliums in the same place.
  2. By hand once noticedDig up affected plants.
More about this problem

What you will see

Streaks of pale spots in leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover with mesh in spring.
  2. By hand springRemove affected leaves; peat when planting.
Allium leaf minerpest

What you will see

Streaks of pale spots in leaves.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover with mesh in spring.
  2. By hand springRemove affected leaves; peat when planting.
More about this problem

What you will see

Larvae eat the onions.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover with mesh.
  2. By hand once noticedRemove affected bulbs.
Onion flypest

What you will see

Larvae eat the onions.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Cover with mesh.
  2. By hand once noticedRemove affected bulbs.
More about this problem
Onion downy mildewdisease

What you will see

Yellowing leaves, grey-purple mould.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Airy spacing.
  2. By hand once noticedRemove affected parts.
More about this problem
Sources (4)

What to combine it with

Same needs, different flowering.

They share the same sun and soil and flower in other months — so the bed flowers for longer.

Bluebeard

Bluebeard

0.61–1 m
✓flowers July–October
✓lower — for the front
garden chrysanthemum

garden chrysanthemum

0.3–0.91 m
✓flowers September–October
✓lower — for the front
Common cosmos

Common cosmos

0.3–1.2 m
✓flowers June–October
✓lower — for the front

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does giant onion flower?

In June–July; the flowers are purple.

Does giant onion tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does giant onion need?

At maturity 0.45–0.6 m wide and 0.9–1.5 m tall; recommended spacing 58 cm.

Allium leaf miner — what can you do?

Cover with mesh in spring. Remove affected leaves; peat when planting.

Onion fly — what can you do?

Cover with mesh. Remove affected bulbs.

Sources (17) Checked 20 October 2026

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