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Tree · Cupressaceae family

Eastern arborvitae

Thuja occidentalis

Full sun to part shade in a garden ~2.2 m × ~0.7 m to −40 °C

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
in a garden after 10 years~2.2 m
in the wild up to 20 m
spacing 3 m
PlantingMarch–April, September–October
WinterShelter from wind

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in soil from dry to moist.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
dry to moistclayloamy

Watering

keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

Frost

−40 °C
shelter from windgreen in winter too

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m7 m8 m9 m10 m11 m12 m13 m14 m15 m16 m17 m18 m19 m20 m8–20 mspread 2.5–4.5 m
8–20 m× spread 2.5–4.5 m

Plant 3 m apart.

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberCheck: JanuaryCheck: FebruaryCheck: MarchCheck: AprilCheck: MayCheck: JuneCheck: JulyCheck: AugustCheck: SeptemberCheck: OctoberCheck: NovemberCheck: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeedingCheck
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant, root-balled).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–April, September–October; root-balled: March–April, September–October

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Check

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

August: In mid-August check the shrubs for arborvitae leaf miner larvae.

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 55 g/m² a year, if the soil needs it · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

Winter burn

Medium riskphysiological disorder

What you will see

Exposed needle tips turn brown after hard frost and dry wind.

The source says: browning of shoots often shows on arborvitae in late winter.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant in a sheltered spot and, before the soil freezes, water well and mulch.
Winter burnphysiological disorderMedium risk

What you will see

Exposed needle tips turn brown after hard frost and dry wind.

The source says: browning of shoots often shows on arborvitae in late winter.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant in a sheltered spot and, before the soil freezes, water well and mulch.

Arborvitae leafminer

Argyresthia thuiella
pest

What you will see

Larvae mine the flat scale-like leaves, which turn brown; worse in shade.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–June, August

How to protect

  1. By hand AugustIn mid-August check the shrubs for larvae.
  2. Chemical — only when nothing else helpsOnly a product authorised in your country against the arborvitae leaf miner (follow the label; only if other steps are not enough).
Arborvitae leafminerpest · May–June, August

What you will see

Larvae mine the flat scale-like leaves, which turn brown; worse in shade.

When to look

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
May–June, August

How to protect

  1. By hand AugustIn mid-August check the shrubs for larvae.
  2. Chemical — only when nothing else helpsOnly a product authorised in your country against the arborvitae leaf miner (follow the label; only if other steps are not enough).

What you will see

Needles are faded, greyish to rusty brown, and laced with fine webbing.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water the tree sufficiently; wash mites off the leaves/needles with a strong jet of water.
  2. BiologicalSpare predatory mites and other natural enemies; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides.
  3. Gentle spray winter dormancy; in season as neededUltra-fine horticultural oil in winter dormancy against overwintering eggs; in season, oil at a low concentration spares predatory mites.
Softwood spider mitepest

What you will see

Needles are faded, greyish to rusty brown, and laced with fine webbing.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water the tree sufficiently; wash mites off the leaves/needles with a strong jet of water.
  2. BiologicalSpare predatory mites and other natural enemies; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides.
  3. Gentle spray winter dormancy; in season as neededUltra-fine horticultural oil in winter dormancy against overwintering eggs; in season, oil at a low concentration spares predatory mites.
More about this problem
Sources (3)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

Does eastern arborvitae tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does eastern arborvitae need?

At maturity 2.5–4.5 m wide and 8–20 m tall; recommended spacing 3 m.

Arborvitae leafminer — what can you do?

In mid-August check the shrubs for larvae.

Softwood spider mite — what can you do?

Water the tree sufficiently; wash mites off the leaves/needles with a strong jet of water. Spare predatory mites and other natural enemies; do not use broad-spectrum insecticides.

Sources (17) Checked 24 October 2026

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