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Fruit · Betulaceae family

Common hazel

Corylus avellana

Full sun to part shade in a garden 2.5–4 m × 2.5–3 m Flowers February–March Harvest August–September to −34 °C
Flower colours Click a colour

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
in a garden after 10 years2.5–4 m
in the wild up to 6.1 m
spacing 3.5 m
PlantingMarch–April, October–November
HarvestAugust–September
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in average soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
averagehumus-richloamygravelly

Watering

only in dry spellsless when it rains

Frost

−34 °C
no winter protectionleafless in winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m3.7–6.1 mspread 2.5–4.6 m
3.7–6.1 m× spread 2.5–4.6 m

Plant 3.5 m apart.

Reaches maturity in about 5–10 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberHarvest: JanuaryHarvest: FebruaryHarvest: MarchHarvest: AprilHarvest: MayHarvest: JuneHarvest: JulyHarvest: AugustHarvest: SeptemberHarvest: OctoberHarvest: NovemberHarvest: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersPlantingFeedingHarvest
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

February–March · yellow

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–April, October–November

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

February–March

Harvest

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

August–September

What to plant now (October) full list in October (244) →

Feeding

Nutrition.

Moderate
balanced fertiliser
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

Hazel big bud mite

pest

What you will see

Round, swollen buds that do not open.

When to look

Spring and summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • No treatment is needed: most gall mites do not harm plant health and control is not necessary. They rarely affect growth or crop.
Hazel big bud mitepest · spring and summer

What you will see

Round, swollen buds that do not open.

When to look

Spring and summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • No treatment is needed: most gall mites do not harm plant health and control is not necessary. They rarely affect growth or crop.

What you will see

Clusters of tiny sap-sucking insects on young shoots, curled leaves, sticky honeydew and sooty mould.

When to look

Spring – summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them.
  2. By handWipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.
  3. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, earwigs, birds).
Aphidspest · spring – summer

What you will see

Clusters of tiny sap-sucking insects on young shoots, curled leaves, sticky honeydew and sooty mould.

When to look

Spring – summer

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them.
  2. By handWipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.
  3. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies (ladybirds, earwigs, birds).
More about this problem

What you will see

Silvery leaves, dieback of branches, staining of the wood.

When to look

In summer (silvered leaves); spores infect wounds from September to May

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Prune susceptible species in summer — there are fewer spores and wounds heal better.
  2. By handRemove the affected branch 10–15 cm beyond the end of the wood staining; disinfect tools and dispose of the material immediately.
Silver leafdisease · in summer (silvered leaves); spores infect wounds from September to May

What you will see

Silvery leaves, dieback of branches, staining of the wood.

When to look

In summer (silvered leaves); spores infect wounds from September to May

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Prune susceptible species in summer — there are fewer spores and wounds heal better.
  2. By handRemove the affected branch 10–15 cm beyond the end of the wood staining; disinfect tools and dispose of the material immediately.
More about this problem

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in autumn; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand autumnPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
Powdery mildewsdisease · from spring onwards

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers; leaves may become distorted.

When to look

From spring onwards

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Destroy fallen infected leaves in autumn; do not over-feed, and protect from drought (stress invites powdery mildew).
  2. By hand autumnPrune out infected shoots early and destroy fallen leaves.
More about this problem
Sources (6)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does common hazel flower?

In February–March; the flowers are yellow.

When is common hazel harvested?

In August–September.

Does common hazel tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does common hazel need?

At maturity 2.5–4.6 m wide and 3.7–6.1 m tall; recommended spacing 3.5 m.

Hazel big bud mite — what can you do?

No treatment is needed: most gall mites do not harm plant health and control is not necessary. They rarely affect growth or crop.

Aphids — what can you do?

Aphids are part of a healthy garden and food for predators; a healthy plant usually tolerates them. Wipe or rinse off colonies and remove affected tips.

Sources (20) Checked 24 October 2026

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