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Tree · Salicaceae family

Aspen

Populus tremula

Full sun in a garden 6–8 m × 3–4 m to −40 °C

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
in a garden after 10 years6–8 m
in the wild up to 20 m
spacing 6 m
PlantingMarch–April, October–November
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistsandyloamyclay

Watering

regularly until establishedat the base, not on the leavesless when it rains

Frost

−40 °C
no winter protectionleafless in winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (175 cm).

1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m7 m8 m9 m10 m11 m12 m13 m14 m15 m16 m17 m18 m19 m20 m15–20 mspread 6–10 m
15–20 m× spread 6–10 m

Plant 6 m apart.

Reaches maturity in about 20–50 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Months for Central Europe. The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeeding
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant, bare-root, root-balled).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–April, October–November; bare-root: March–April, October–November; root-balled: March–April, October–November

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 55 g/m² a year, if the soil needs it · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

Hypoxylon canker

diseasesource covers the whole genus

What you will see

Sunken canker patches with yellow-orange areas that blister and peel.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • In spring, feed and water in dry spells.
  2. By handCut out and dispose of affected wood; there are no effective chemical products.
Hypoxylon cankerdisease

What you will see

Sunken canker patches with yellow-orange areas that blister and peel.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • In spring, feed and water in dry spells.
  2. By handCut out and dispose of affected wood; there are no effective chemical products.

Trunk rot

Phellinus igniarius
diseasesource covers the whole genus

What you will see

Hoof-shaped fruiting bodies on the wood – the main cause of the short lifespan of aspen.

How to protect

    No known control.

    Trunk rotdisease

    What you will see

    Hoof-shaped fruiting bodies on the wood – the main cause of the short lifespan of aspen.

    How to protect

      No known control.

      Poplar/willow rust

      disease

      What you will see

      Powdery yellow spots on the underside of leaves in summer, black blisters in autumn.

      How to protect

      1. Prevention
        • Rake up fallen leaves.
      2. By hand autumnRake up and dispose of fallen leaves.
      Poplar/willow rustdisease

      What you will see

      Powdery yellow spots on the underside of leaves in summer, black blisters in autumn.

      How to protect

      1. Prevention
        • Rake up fallen leaves.
      2. By hand autumnRake up and dispose of fallen leaves.

      Poplar leaf spot (anthracnose)

      diseasesource covers the whole genus

      What you will see

      Small round red-brown spots on leaves.

      How to protect

        Usually no treatment; feed in spring and water in dry spells.

        Poplar leaf spot (anthracnose)disease

        What you will see

        Small round red-brown spots on leaves.

        How to protect

          Usually no treatment; feed in spring and water in dry spells.

          Poplar aphids

          pest

          What you will see

          Colonies of aphids on leaves and shoots, honeydew.

          How to protect

          1. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies.
          2. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap for aphids that do not form galls.
          Poplar aphidspest

          What you will see

          Colonies of aphids on leaves and shoots, honeydew.

          How to protect

          1. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies.
          2. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap for aphids that do not form galls.
          Sources (3)

          Frequently asked

          Quick answers.

          Does aspen tolerate shade?

          No, it needs full sun.

          How much space does aspen need?

          At maturity 6–10 m wide and 15–20 m tall; recommended spacing 6 m.

          Hypoxylon canker — what can you do?

          In spring, feed and water in dry spells. Cut out and dispose of affected wood; there are no effective chemical products.

          Sources (15) Checked 24 October 2026

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