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Tree · Betulaceae family

West Himalayan birch

Betula utilis subsp. jacquemontii

Full sun to part shade in a garden 14 ft 9⅛ in–22 ft 11⅝ in × 6 ft 6¾ in–13 ft 1½ in to −84 °F

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun to part shade
in a garden after 10 years14 ft 9⅛ in–22 ft 11⅝ in
in the wild up to 49.2 ft
spacing 16 ft 4⅞ in
PlantingMarch–April, October–November
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun to part shade, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistloamysandyhumus-rich

Watering

keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

Frost

−84 °F
no winter protectionleafless in winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

3 ft 3⅜ in6 ft 6¾ in9 ft 10⅛ in13 ft 1½ in16 ft 4⅞ in19 ft 8¼ in22 ft 11⅝ in26 ft 3 in29 ft 6⅜ in32.8 ft36.1 ft39.4 ft42.7 ft45.9 ft49.2 ft32.8 ft–49.2 ftspread 16 ft 4⅞ in–26 ft 3 in
32.8 ft–49.2 ft× spread 16 ft 4⅞ in–26 ft 3 in

Plant 16 ft 4⅞ in apart.

Reaches maturity in about 20–50 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeeding
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant, bare-root, root-balled).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–April, October–November; bare-root: March–April, October–November; root-balled: March–April, October–November

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 0.18 oz/sq ft a year, if the soil needs it · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level
Honey fungus

Honey fungus

Armillaria
High riskdiseasesource covers the whole genus
More about this problem

What you will see

Dieback of branches or the whole plant, smaller pale leaves. Under the bark at the root collar, white spongy tissue with a mushroom smell. Honey-coloured clusters of toadstools in fall.

The source says: it is among the plants particularly susceptible to honey fungus.

When to look

Summer – fall

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Choose the least susceptible species; risky ground after old trees have been felled.
  2. By hand all yearOnce confirmed, dig up and destroy affected roots and stumps; sink a 17¾ in deep plastic barrier into the soil. There is no chemical control for gardeners.
Honey fungusdisease · summer – fallHigh risk

What you will see

Dieback of branches or the whole plant, smaller pale leaves. Under the bark at the root collar, white spongy tissue with a mushroom smell. Honey-coloured clusters of toadstools in fall.

The source says: it is among the plants particularly susceptible to honey fungus.

When to look

Summer – fall

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Choose the least susceptible species; risky ground after old trees have been felled.
  2. By hand all yearOnce confirmed, dig up and destroy affected roots and stumps; sink a 17¾ in deep plastic barrier into the soil. There is no chemical control for gardeners.
More about this problem

Birch rust

Melampsoridium betulinum
diseasesource covers the whole genus

What you will see

Powdery orange pustules on the underside of leaves, leaves drop early. In cool, damp weather.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRake up and remove fallen leaves.
Birch rustdisease

What you will see

Powdery orange pustules on the underside of leaves, leaves drop early. In cool, damp weather.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRake up and remove fallen leaves.

Birch anthracnose / leaf spot

Discula betulina
diseasesource covers the whole genus

What you will see

Spots on leaves, mostly on lower branches, in rainy springs.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRemove and destroy fallen leaves.
Birch anthracnose / leaf spotdisease

What you will see

Spots on leaves, mostly on lower branches, in rainy springs.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRemove and destroy fallen leaves.
Sources (3)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

Does West Himalayan birch tolerate shade?

It tolerates part shade (3–6 hours of sun), but not full shade.

How much space does West Himalayan birch need?

At maturity 16 ft 4⅞ in–26 ft 3 in wide and 32.8 ft–49.2 ft tall; recommended spacing 16 ft 4⅞ in.

Birch rust — what can you do?

Rake up fallen leaves. Rake up and remove fallen leaves.

Birch anthracnose / leaf spot — what can you do?

Rake up fallen leaves. Remove and destroy fallen leaves.

Sources (16) Checked 24 October 2026

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