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Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Vegetable · Cucurbitaceae family

Melon

Cucumis melo

Full sun 5 ft 10⅞ in–8 ft 10¼ in × 11¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in Sow April–May Moderate care

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
Size5 ft 10⅞ in–8 ft 10¼ in
spacing 3 ft 3⅜ in
Water5.8 gal
per plant a week
SowingApril–May
Care levelModerate care

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistclayhumus-richloamy

Watering

Melon — Watering
5.8 galper plant a week
keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

3 ft 3⅜ in6 ft 6¾ in5 ft 10⅞ in–8 ft 10¼ inspread 11¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in
5 ft 10⅞ in–8 ft 10¼ in× spread 11¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in

Plant 3 ft 3⅜ in apart.

How to plant: next to a support, 17¾ in apart

The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Sowing: JanuarySowing: FebruarySowing: MarchSowing: AprilSowing: MaySowing: JuneSowing: JulySowing: AugustSowing: SeptemberSowing: OctoberSowing: NovemberSowing: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberCare: JanuaryCare: FebruaryCare: MarchCare: AprilCare: MayCare: JuneCare: JulyCare: AugustCare: SeptemberCare: OctoberCare: NovemberCare: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SowingFeedingCare
Now, in October: nothing to do — the next job is in April.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Sowing

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

sow indoors: April–May

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May

Care

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

pinch out the tips (May–June)

Feeding

Nutrition.

Melon — Feeding
Horn meal

up to 0.33 oz/sq ft · in 1 dose · May

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

What you will see

Yellow mosaic on leaves, distortion and stunted growth.

The source says: it is the most destructive disease of cucumbers and melons.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove weeds (chickweed, groundsel): they are a source of the virus.
    • After handling suspect plants, wash your hands and tools with soap.
    • Grow resistant varieties.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsDispose of suspect plants immediately. There is no chemical product against viruses.
Cucumber mosaic virusdiseaseHigh risk

What you will see

Yellow mosaic on leaves, distortion and stunted growth.

The source says: it is the most destructive disease of cucumbers and melons.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove weeds (chickweed, groundsel): they are a source of the virus.
    • After handling suspect plants, wash your hands and tools with soap.
    • Grow resistant varieties.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsDispose of suspect plants immediately. There is no chemical product against viruses.
More about this problem

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers.

The source says: cucurbits like this one are very susceptible to powdery mildew.

When to look

From spring, especially later in the season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water regularly and do not let plants suffer from drought; mulch (leave the area by the stem clear).
    • Improve airflow around plants.
    • Grow varieties with partial resistance, if available.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected leaves early; dispose of fallen affected leaves in fall.
Powdery mildewsdisease · from spring, especially later in the seasonHigh risk

What you will see

White powdery coating on leaves, stems and flowers.

The source says: cucurbits like this one are very susceptible to powdery mildew.

When to look

From spring, especially later in the season

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water regularly and do not let plants suffer from drought; mulch (leave the area by the stem clear).
    • Improve airflow around plants.
    • Grow varieties with partial resistance, if available.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected leaves early; dispose of fallen affected leaves in fall.
More about this problem

What you will see

Speckled leaves and early leaf drop.

When to look

Outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow.
    • In fall, remove heavily infested plants and clear away debris, canes and ties; disinfect the greenhouse thoroughly.
    • Weed around the greenhouse; weeds are hosts.
  2. Biological March to OctoberPredatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.
  3. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against mites. Try non-chemical methods first.
Two-spotted spider mitepest · outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

What you will see

Speckled leaves and early leaf drop.

When to look

Outdoors in summer, especially in hot, dry weather; under glass March to October

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow.
    • In fall, remove heavily infested plants and clear away debris, canes and ties; disinfect the greenhouse thoroughly.
    • Weed around the greenhouse; weeds are hosts.
  2. Biological March to OctoberPredatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.
  3. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against mites. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings.
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
Slugs and snailspest

What you will see

Irregular holes in soft leaves and young shoots and slime trails; they feed at night.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings.
    • Water in the morning, not the evening (evening watering helps them move around).
    • Encourage their natural enemies: birds, hedgehogs, toads, ground beetles.
  2. By hand evening, after rainPick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.
  3. Biological when the soil is warm and moistSlug-specific nematodes (from a biological control supplier) are watered into the soil.
  4. Chemical — only when nothing else helps according to the product labelLast resort only: a product authorized in your country against slugs and snails. Try non-chemical methods first.
More about this problem
Sources (8)

Bed neighbors

Good and bad neighbors.

Each neighbor shows how we know it.

✓Good neighbors

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When do I sow melon?

In April–May (sow indoors).

Does melon tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does melon need?

At maturity 11¾ in–2 ft 11⅜ in wide and 5 ft 10⅞ in–8 ft 10¼ in tall; recommended spacing 3 ft 3⅜ in.

Two-spotted spider mite — what can you do?

Plants in a hot, dry, overcrowded greenhouse suffer more: increase humidity and airflow. Predatory mites (from a biological control supplier) are the most common biological control against spider mites.

Slugs and snails — what can you do?

Plant sturdy potted plants, not delicate young seedlings. Pick them off by hand on damp evenings and take them far away. Traps: hollowed-out citrus halves placed cut side down, or sunken containers of beer; check in the morning.

Sources (7) Checked 27 October 2026

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