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Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Perennial · Asparagaceae family

Lily of the valley

Convallaria majalis

Part shade to shade 5⅞ in–9⅞ in × 7⅞ in–11¾ in Flowers May–June to −99 °F
Flower colors Click a color

In short a 10-second read

LightPart shade to shade
Size5⅞ in–9⅞ in
spacing 9¾ in
FlowersMay–June
PlantingMarch–May, September–November
WinterNo winter protection
Toxicity:highly poisonous to people
Highly poisonous to people — do not plant it where children play.

Where to plant and how much to water

Light, soil and water.

It grows best in part shade to shade, in soil from dry to moist.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

acidic to neutral soil
acidicneutralalkaline
dry to moisthumus-richloamy

Watering

keep the soil evenly moistless when it rains

Frost

−99 °F
no winter protectiondies back in winter, regrows in spring

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

19¾ in3 ft 3⅜ in4 ft 11 in5⅞ in–9⅞ inspread 7⅞ in–11¾ in
5⅞ in–9⅞ in× spread 7⅞ in–11¾ in

Plant 9¾ in apart.

Reaches maturity in about 2–5 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Flowers: JanuaryFlowers: FebruaryFlowers: MarchFlowers: AprilFlowers: MayFlowers: JuneFlowers: JulyFlowers: AugustFlowers: SeptemberFlowers: OctoberFlowers: NovemberFlowers: DecemberPlanting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
FlowersPlantingFeeding
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Flowers

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June · white

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–May, September–November

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

March–May

Feeding

Nutrition.

Light
balanced fertilizercompost or mulch
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

Gray mold

Botrytis cinerea
Medium riskdisease
More about this problem

What you will see

Gray fuzzy mold on dying parts, rot of buds and stems.

The source says: it is among the perennials susceptible to gray mold.

When to look

All year

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove dead leaves and spent flowers.
    • Adequate spacing and ventilation of the planting.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected parts and do not leave plant debris lying around.
Gray molddisease · all yearMedium risk

What you will see

Gray fuzzy mold on dying parts, rot of buds and stems.

The source says: it is among the perennials susceptible to gray mold.

When to look

All year

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove dead leaves and spent flowers.
    • Adequate spacing and ventilation of the planting.
  2. By hand as soon as it appearsRemove affected parts and do not leave plant debris lying around.
More about this problem

Swift moth caterpillars

pest

What you will see

Caterpillars eat rhizomes and roots.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Inspect the rhizomes when planting.
  2. By hand when replantingRemove caterpillars when digging and replanting.
Swift moth caterpillarspest

What you will see

Caterpillars eat rhizomes and roots.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Inspect the rhizomes when planting.
  2. By hand when replantingRemove caterpillars when digging and replanting.

What you will see

Brown to black spots on leaves; leaves turn yellow early.

When to look

Spring – fall

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove old leaves before they infect the new season.
    • Do not wet the leaves when watering; keep the plant unstressed.
  2. By hand after the first spots; in fallRemove affected leaves at once and destroy them; collect fallen leaves in fall.
Leaf spotsdisease · spring – fall

What you will see

Brown to black spots on leaves; leaves turn yellow early.

When to look

Spring – fall

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Remove old leaves before they infect the new season.
    • Do not wet the leaves when watering; keep the plant unstressed.
  2. By hand after the first spots; in fallRemove affected leaves at once and destroy them; collect fallen leaves in fall.
More about this problem
Sources (5)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

When does lily of the valley flower?

In May–June; the flowers are white.

Does lily of the valley tolerate shade?

Yes, it tolerates full shade.

How much space does lily of the valley need?

At maturity 7⅞ in–11¾ in wide and 5⅞ in–9⅞ in tall; recommended spacing 9¾ in.

Swift moth caterpillars — what can you do?

Inspect the rhizomes when planting. Remove caterpillars when digging and replanting.

Gray mold — what can you do?

Remove dead leaves and spent flowers. Remove affected parts and do not leave plant debris lying around.

Toxicity

Highly poisonous to people
Sources (16) Checked 24 October 2026

Similar plants

Have a look at these too.

pansy

Viola × wittrockiana

4¾ in–9 in × 9 in–11¾ in
Moderate carebiennial
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