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Raised garden bed I – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed IRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed L – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed LRaised garden bedsRaised garden bed U – solid 2⅜ in European larchRaised garden bed URaised garden bedsBed I with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed I with benchRaised garden bedsBed L with bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchBed L with benchRaised garden bedsSolid bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchSolid benchSeatingPedestal bench – solid 2⅜ in European larchPedestal benchSeatingBench with planter – solid 2⅜ in European larchBench with planterSeatingGarden table – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden tableSeatingTable and two benches – solid 2⅜ in European larchTable and two benchesSeatingSandbox with seating – solid 2⅜ in European larchSandbox with seatingFor kidsGarden steps – solid 2⅜ in European larchGarden stepsSlope & terrace

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Choose your climateBased on winter hardiness only.

Tree · Salicaceae family

Black poplar

Populus nigra

Full sun in a garden 19 ft 8¼ in–29 ft 6⅜ in × 6 ft 6¾ in–11 ft 5¾ in to −93 °F

In short a 10-second read

SunFull sun
in a garden after 10 years19 ft 8¼ in–29 ft 6⅜ in
in the wild up to 98.4 ft
spacing 49.2 ft
PlantingMarch–April, October–November
WinterNo winter protection

Where to plant and how much to water

Sun, soil and water.

It grows best in full sun, in average to moist soil.

Sun

Sun6 hours or more
Part shade3–6 hours
Shadeunder 3 h

Soil

tolerates any pH
acidicneutralalkaline
average to moistloamysandyclay

Watering

regularly until establishedat the base, not on the leavesless when it rains

Frost

−93 °F
no winter protectionleafless in winter

How much space it takes

Mature size.

The mature plant next to a person (69 in).

3 ft 3⅜ in6 ft 6¾ in9 ft 10⅛ in13 ft 1½ in16 ft 4⅞ in19 ft 8¼ in22 ft 11⅝ in26 ft 3 in29 ft 6⅜ in32.8 ft36.1 ft39.4 ft42.7 ft45.9 ft49.2 ft52.5 ft55.8 ft59.1 ft62.3 ft65.6 ft68.9 ft72.2 ft75.5 ft78.7 ft82 ft85.3 ft88.6 ft91.9 ft95.1 ft98.4 ft39.4 ft–98.4 ftspread 49.2 ft–65.6 ft
39.4 ft–98.4 ft× spread 49.2 ft–65.6 ft

Plant 49.2 ft apart.

Reaches maturity in about 20–50 years. The final size depends on the cultivar and the spot — we give the range from smallest to largest.

Calendar

Through the year.

Typical for a temperate climate (four seasons). The line shows the current month.

The year at a glance

Planting: JanuaryPlanting: FebruaryPlanting: MarchPlanting: AprilPlanting: MayPlanting: JunePlanting: JulyPlanting: AugustPlanting: SeptemberPlanting: OctoberPlanting: NovemberPlanting: DecemberFeeding: JanuaryFeeding: FebruaryFeeding: MarchFeeding: AprilFeeding: MayFeeding: JuneFeeding: JulyFeeding: AugustFeeding: SeptemberFeeding: OctoberFeeding: NovemberFeeding: DecemberJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PlantingFeeding
Now, in October: a good time for planting (container plant, bare-root, root-balled).
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Planting

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

container plant: March–April, October–November; bare-root: March–April, October–November; root-balled: March–April, October–November

Feeding

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

May–June

Feeding

Nutrition.

Horn meal

up to 0.18 oz/sq ft a year, if the soil needs it · May–June

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Pests and diseases

Common problems and what to do.

The most common problems in Central Europe. Protection is listed from the gentlest option.

High riskMedium riskLow riskRisk for this plant according to the source · no label = no documented level

What you will see

Branches die back from the lower limbs upwards; sunken canker patches appear on the bark and white resin oozes out.

The source says: black poplar is extremely susceptible to Cytospora canker.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water the tree regularly in dry spells and feed it; a weakened tree is more susceptible.
  2. By hand whenever the bark is dryCut out affected branches in dry weather about 7¾–9¾ in below the visible damage; disinfect your tools after every cut.
Cytospora cankerdiseaseHigh risk

What you will see

Branches die back from the lower limbs upwards; sunken canker patches appear on the bark and white resin oozes out.

The source says: black poplar is extremely susceptible to Cytospora canker.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Water the tree regularly in dry spells and feed it; a weakened tree is more susceptible.
  2. By hand whenever the bark is dryCut out affected branches in dry weather about 7¾–9¾ in below the visible damage; disinfect your tools after every cut.
More about this problem

Poplar/willow rust

disease

What you will see

Powdery yellow spots on the underside of leaves in summer, black blisters in fall.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRake up and dispose of fallen leaves.
Poplar/willow rustdisease

What you will see

Powdery yellow spots on the underside of leaves in summer, black blisters in fall.

How to protect

  1. Prevention
    • Rake up fallen leaves.
  2. By hand fallRake up and dispose of fallen leaves.

Poplar aphids

pest

What you will see

Colonies of aphids on leaves and shoots, honeydew.

How to protect

  1. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies.
  2. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap for aphids that do not form galls.
Poplar aphidspest

What you will see

Colonies of aphids on leaves and shoots, honeydew.

How to protect

  1. BiologicalEncourage natural enemies.
  2. Gentle sprayInsecticidal soap for aphids that do not form galls.
Sources (4)

Frequently asked

Quick answers.

Does black poplar tolerate shade?

No, it needs full sun.

How much space does black poplar need?

At maturity 49.2 ft–65.6 ft wide and 39.4 ft–98.4 ft tall; recommended spacing 49.2 ft.

Cytospora canker — what can you do?

Water the tree regularly in dry spells and feed it; a weakened tree is more susceptible. Cut out affected branches in dry weather about 7¾–9¾ in below the visible damage; disinfect your tools after every cut.

Poplar/willow rust — what can you do?

Rake up fallen leaves. Rake up and dispose of fallen leaves.

Sources (16) Checked 24 October 2026

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